Recognizing Important Texans
March is Women’s History Month, an important time for educators and students to celebrate the achievements, brilliance, and legacies of the women who transformed society and paved the road for the struggle for equality that continues today.
Each week of Women’s History Month, Texas AFT will highlight a Texan woman from our communities and current or retired Texas school employees, all nominated by our local leaders.
We believe to #TeachTheTruth, we must recognize and lift up the contributions of the wonderfully diverse population of our state, our country, and our world.
- Glenn Scott, former AFT organizer
- Emma Tenayuca, organizer of the Pecan Shellers’ Strike
- Shelley Potter, past president of the San Antonio Alliance
- Veronica Ruiz, Socorro ISD teacher
- Isabel & Manuela Hernández, organizers of the 1919 El Paso Laundry Strike
- Linda Bridges, former Texas AFT president
- Candis Houston, president of Aldine AFT
- Rita Runnels, retired educator and Texas AFT Retiree Plus chair
For more ways to bring Women’s History Month into the classroom, check out the free lesson plans and resources available to AFT members through Share My Lesson.
Glenn Scott
An Organizer for Life
Nominated by Zeph Capo, president of Texas AFT
Glenn Scott was known for being on every picket line and at every action on behalf of Austin area workers. She was also known for the elaborate hats she wore while taking up those fights.
The hats — union-made — were remnants of her organizing work with the Amalgamated Clothing and Textile Workers Union. In decades of organizing, Scott also worked with the American Federation of State, County, and Municipal Employees, before moving to support educators and school employees with AFT and Education Austin.
She finished her career with National Nurses United, representing El Paso nurses. Throughout these professional experiences, Scott remained committed to serving her community — especially those who had been marginalized in that community — in every possible way. She was a founding member of the national Democratic Socialists of America, as well as Austin DSA.
Even in “retirement,” Scott was always organizing — for workers’ rights, immigration justice, reproductive justice, health care rights, and more. She served as president of the Texas Alliance for Retired Americans and mentored up-and-coming organizers and activists, including a young Austin City Councilmember who would become a U.S. congressman, Greg Casar.
Scott died from cancer in 2018. One line of a loving obituary written by those who loved her describes her life best:
“She built coalitions, connected people, brought people into the fight, protested, block-walked, and generally raised hell. But her favorite thing to do was mentor young activists.”
Emma Tenayuca
Champion for Workers
Nominated by Alejandra Lopez, president of the San Antonio Alliance
On Jan. 31, 1938, 12,000 pecan shellers in San Antonio — mostly Hispanic women — walked off the job, sparking a three-month strike over poor working conditions and low pay.
At the heart of the protest was Emma Tenayuca.
Tenayuca, then just 22 years old, had already developed into a political activist with a strong sense of social justice. In 1933, she joined striking female workers at the H.W. Finck Cigar Company, an event at which she not only witnessed women being beaten by police but was also arrested herself.
She made it her mission to organize female workers across San Antonio.
When workers walked out of the Delicious Pecan Company, they elected Tenayuca as their leader for a strike that would last three months. While her political leanings, seen as radical at the time, led to her removal as the public face of the strike, she remained on the picket lines and started a soup kitchen to help feed striking workers and families.
On April 13, 1938, an arbitration board ruled in favor of the strikers and their demands for higher wages, also acknowledging the International Pecan Shellers Union. Less than a year later, the Fair Labor Standards Act raised the minimum wage to 25 cents per hour.
Tenayuca continued her activism for decades. Though her legacy was erased for many decades, current Texans are celebrating Tenayuca’s impact today.
“I am from San Antonio, I grew up here, I went to public school here and I never once heard the name of Emma Tenayuca taught to me in my class,” said Alejandra Lopez, president of the San Antonio Alliance, at a 2022 event honoring the Pecan Shellers’ Strike. “So, it’s extremely important to preserve the history of her, to preserve the history of the worker struggles across the board.”
Shelley Potter
Advocate for Equity
Nominated by Zeph Capo, president of Texas AFT
Shelley Potter’s union journey started in a classroom in San Antonio ISD’s Brackenridge Elementary, with no air-conditioning and windows boarded up for construction.
What started as the demands of a first-grader teacher for fans in classrooms turned into a much broader fight over student learning conditions. In her second year of teaching in 1976, Potter discovered that 75 of the district’s 92 schools did not have air conditioning — the effects of which she’d already witnessed with her own lethargic students.
That discovery took her to her first meeting of the San Antonio Federation of Teachers. Alongside her colleagues, her advocacy led to a “Cool Schools” bond proposed by the school board and approved by voters.
Potter was elected president of SAFT in 1985, a role she stayed in — even after the local union merged with the National Education Association affiliate to become the San Antonio Alliance — for 35 years.
A guiding force of her work as an educator and as a union leader has always been the economic injustice she witnessed in San Antonio ISD, compared with wealthier districts. Of particular note was the racial disparities she witnessed in discipline; Black students were overrepresented in detention and among students suspended from school.
In 2016, she was named to AFT’s national Racial Equity Task Force, work that she considers some of her proudest moments.
Committed to mentorship and empowerment, in 2001, Potter chaired the national American Federation of Teacher (AFT) Task Force on Union-Sponsored Professional Development.She negotiated a 17-year partnership with SAISD that provided release time for new teachers to attend professional learning facilitated by the local union.
Potter’s term as president of the Alliance ended in May 2020, but she continues to be actively involved in Texas AFT professional development initiatives. She also remains one-half of a “local teachers union power couple,” having been married to Tom Cummins, president of the Bexar County Federation of Teachers, since 1984.
Veronica Ruiz
Our Children’s Cheerleader
Nominated by Veronica Hernandez, president of Socorro AFT
On the first day of school every year, Veronica Ruiz, a history teacher at Puentes Middle School in Socorro ISD, asks her eighth-graders one simple question: “Are you ready to be the best in the district?”
Ruiz loves her students and does just about everything to ignite their love of learning, from skits to pneumonic devices to singing and dancing. But she also takes pride in the rigor and challenge of her class.
“When students find out they are going to have me as their eighth-grade history teacher, they aren’t initially up for the hard work this class takes,” she says, “but once they get to know me and see that I really care about them and their learning, they love the class.”
For the past 10 years, Ruiz’s students have had the highest scores on the social studies STAAR assessments in Socorro ISD.
Ruiz started in the district as a substitute in 2007 and worked as a paraprofessional before becoming a fifth-grade teacher at Horizon Heights Elementary. In her 10 years at Puentes, she’s been named Employee of the Month three times, a recognition of her commitment not only to her students but to her colleagues.
Outside of the classroom, Ruiz has also served as a cheerleading coach and currently coaches track. While the athletes she mentors have won several district, conference, and national championships, she’s equally proud of her work in developing students to be role models themselves.
She is likewise dedicated to her work with her union, Socorro AFT, of which she is vice president — along with being an active building representative for members at her campus.
“These positions are very important to me,” Ruiz says. “I am in this fight to better public education and to help our teachers and students.”
Isabel & Manuela Hernández
Unsung Labor Heroes
Nominated by Veronica Hernandez, president of Socorro AFT
In October 1919, less than a year before the ratification of the 19th Amendment, a group of El Paso women took a stand for their own rights as workers. The 1919 El Paso Laundry Strike was sparked by the efforts of Mexican and Mexican-American women to organize their workplace, Acme Laundry.
Isabel and Manuela Hernández, along with several other female co-workers, had just established a local chapter of International Laundry Workers’ Union (ILWU) at Acme. In retaliation, they were fired.
After management refused to rehire the women and raise wages for all workers, 200 female employees went on strike. That strike soon grew to 600 as other female laundry workers and laundry wagon drivers joined in solidarity.
Even though, at the time of the strike, these women comprised between 60-80% of the workers in the El Paso area’s industrial laundries, they made just $4-6 per week, a salary much lower than their white counterparts in other cities.
Their demands included an increase in pay, better working conditions, recognition of their union, and reemployment of Isabel and Manuela Hernández. While the women had the support of the El Paso Central Labor Council and several local newspapers, they were forced to contend with strike-breaking employees from other outfits, as well as hostility in other media outlets and even among other male union members.
Though the strike failed to win the workers’ demands, the actions of Isabel and Manuela Hernández and their fellow laundry workers lit a spark for the rights of employees, of Mexican and Mexican-American people, and of women.
Linda Bridges
‘A Giant of the Texas Labor Movement’
Nominated by Nancy Vera, president of the Corpus Christi Federation of Teachers
Linda Bridges was a lifelong labor leader who became president of the Texas American Federation of Teachers, a position she served in until her death in 2015.
Bridges’ attitude and commitment to the cause can be best summed up in one of her most memorable moments. In the wake of severe cuts to public education funding and thousands of teacher layoffs, Bridges was asked by a reporter at the Capitol why Texas AFT continued to show up at the Legislature and rally its members to fight for a seemingly hopeless cause. Her reply was quick and simple: “Because our kids are worth it.”
Bridges started her career in education as an elementary special education teacher in Corpus Christi ISD. She was elected president of her local union, Corpus Christi AFT, and served in that capacity for 24 years before being elected president of the statewide federation. Under her leadership, Texas AFT membership grew by nearly 20,000 public school employees.
Texas educators and students have benefited immeasurably from Bridges’ dedication. Texas law may prohibit collective bargaining for educators, but in 1979, Bridges helped to pioneer elected consultation, a process in which teachers and school employees elect the organization that formally negotiates with a district on employee wages, benefits. and working conditions.
The system she helped forge in Corpus Christi spread to several other districts in the state and has been heralded as a successful model for collaboration between school employees and district administration.
Bridges served in numerous community and labor leadership posts through her career, including as a vice president for the national American Federation of Teachers and the vice president of the Texas AFL-CIO, of which Texas AFT represents the largest membership bloc.
Candis Houston
An Educator’s Advocate
Nominated by Denetris Jones, vice president of Houston Educational Support Personnel
Candis Houston is a former educator, proud mother, and the president of Aldine AFT.
With 17 years of classroom experience as a business teacher, Houston’s commitment to public education runs deep. As she so often says, it is both a privilege and a serious responsibility to teach the next generation of small business owners and community leaders in the Houston area.
Houston was elected president of Aldine AFT in 2015 and has fought fiercely and diligently ever since for the rights and protections of school support personnel.
“I know that Texas school employees — from teachers to bus drivers to food service workers and beyond — deserve our gratitude and our respect,” Houston says. “I happily give myself to this work — to my community.”
Houston has used her voice on members’ behalf at every level, including by forging strong relationships with district administrators. She’s even given educators’ voices a bigger platform by running for state office on a public education-focused platform. In 2022, she came within 219 votes of unseating the incumbent for House District 142 in the Democratic primary election.
Houston is a proud graduate of Texas public schools, as well as a proud public school parent. She has a master’s degree in educational leadership from Prairie View A&M University, as well as a bachelor’s in accounting from the University of Texas at Tayler. Before that, she earned an associate’s degree in business from Tyler Junior College.
As proud as she is of her professional accomplishments, Houston’s biggest prides are her two daughters.
Rita Runnels
A Teacher From Childhood
Nominated by Nikki Cowart, president of Cy-Fair AFT
“Students, please take out your books, and pencils, as I call the roll!”
That’s how Aretta “Rita” Carden Runnels summoned her four siblings to play “school” as a child, demonstrating that she has been a passionate educator her entire life.
Runnels’ love for education began as a young girl; her mother was an elementary school teacher, and her father was a college administrator. As she grew, she witnessed the profound impact teachers could have in society, and she knew that she wanted to have that same impact.
Her passion for education has been inspired by a quote from Benjamin Franklin: “Tell me and I forget. Teach me and I remember. Involve me and I learn.”
Runnels earned bachelor’s and master’s degrees in business from Prairie View A&M University. After graduation, she started teaching high school business classes in Aldine ISD. During her time at Aldine, Runnels was popular among students, staff, parents, and the community, and she was instrumental in starting Aldine High School’s first pep squad team. In 1992, she became the school’s assistant principal.
In 2008, Runnels retired from teaching in Cy-Fair ISD. Because of her strong advocacy for students and commitment to education, she served and held leadership positions on numerous teacher and parent committees. After retirement, she began working with Cy-Fair AFT in 2011 and became a dedicated organizer for educators in the Cy-Fair community. Her biggest priority is making a difference within Cy-Fair ISD and Texas AFT Retiree Plus.
Runnels is currently the chair of Texas AFT Retiree Plus, a member of Alpha Kappa Alpha Sorority, Incorporated, a lifetime member of Prairie View A&M University Alumni, and a volunteer at her grandchildren’s schools. Even in retirement, Runnels is a passionate educator, dedicated to seeking opportunities to advocate within her Cy-Fair and Texas communities.